Development of a Two-Dimensional-Thermal Model of Three Battery Chemistries

The growing need for accurate estimation of by fitting battery's thermal and electrical performances at different operating conditions is crucial in its applications especially in electrified vehicles. This paper presents an effective method for developing a thermal and electrical modeling methodology for calculation thermal behavior of a lithium-ion cell and the voltage response under a current solicitation. The model was elaborated on three pouch cells with different battery chemistries for use in electrical vehicles/hybrid electrical vehicles, namely lithium iron phosphate, lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide, and lithium titanium oxide (LTO). The model, implemented in a MATLAB/Simulink interface, uses an equivalent circuit and heat-generation equations coupled a thermal model. The three cell chemistries have been investigated using test procedures and thermal images at room temperature. The results of this study show that a temperature distribution to be fairly uniform after a complete discharge for the three chemistries with the lowest temperature gradient found for the LTO-based cell. Finally, comparison between simulation results and measured data under dynamic profiles shows a good correspondence with the measurements of the validation tests with errors lying between ±4% and 2 °C for the electrical and thermal model, respectively.