Linear Array Synthesis to Obtain Broadside and Endfire Beam Patterns Using Element-Level Pattern Diversity

A linear array synthesis method using element-level pattern diversity (ELPD) is presented. Compared with conventional array, the ELPD array provides one more degree of freedom in antenna synthesis. The advantages and limitations of the ELPD in the linear array synthesis are discussed through three examples of broadside flat-topped, dual beam patterns, and endfire low sidelobe beam pattern. The tolerance analysis of the ELPD array is given. The practical application of a dual beam array with three elements was designed by using the full-wave solver and was tested. The 11% impedance bandwidth at a center frequency of 5.8 GHz with a -10 dB return loss and the measured maximum gain of 10.1 dBi at the beam-pointing angle of ±49° are achieved. The measured results agree well with the simulated ones.