Survey on energy-efficient hard drive disks

Energy consumption has been brought to the forefront in the past decade. Energy efficiency is being considered in all phases of hardware and software design and implementation. High energy consumption is becoming an increasingly large burden for organizations and institutions hosting large-scale computing systems. The major problem with I/O systems is that hard drive disk consumes a large amount of energy. Many ideas have been proposed and implemented to make storage systems energy efficient with minor performance degradation. This paper presents some of these ideas and analyzes the concepts. The main focus is on the architecture or design of the suggested solutions. Several existing implementations and designs will be briefly introduced and discussed in this paper.