Superposing Multiple LP Modes With Microphase Difference Distributed Along Fiber to Generate OAM Mode

We propose a new method to generate orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode by superposing multiple LP11 modes with microphase difference distributed along fiber propagation. This way, OAM mode can be generated by superposing a series of LP11 mode with phase difference much less than π/2, which is necessary for schemes using two degenerated LP11 mode superposition but is difficult to generate and hard to keep stable. We demonstrate this principle experimentally by utilizing few-mode fiber long period grating (FMF-LPG), in which a series of LP11 modes with microphase difference distribution can be generated by twisting FMF-LPG. This scheme provides a potential all-fiber, compact, and low-attenuation scheme to generate stable OAM modes.