Assessing endocardial activation from bipolar intra-ventricular electrodes: A simulation study

Assessment of endocardial activation using filtered catheter-recorded electrograms has become a standard clinical technique. This study aims to assess factors affecting the accuracy of this process. The simulation study confirmed the ability of catheter-based signals to assess relative (“early vs. late”) timing of ventricular activation. However, absolute errors were high, amounting to 10% of the activation interval. Computer-based investigations provide insight into how relevant parameters (catheter size and angle, filtering) affect accuracy. This may allow for further improvement of catheter-based techniques.