Towards Formalism of Earthquake Detection and Disaster Reduction Using WSANs

The destruction caused by the earthquakes can be minimized using Wireless Sensor and Actors Networks (WSANs). Earthquake Management System (EQMS) is proposed in this work using WSANs which are deployed in the form of subnets in the areas which are vulnerable to earthquakes. The deployment in the form of subnets increases energy efficiency of the network. A subnet consists of large number of various sensors, small number of actors and a gateway node. The subnets are connected through gateway nodes. Three types of sensors are used for predicting earthquake, i.e., animal sensors for detecting unusual behavior, water pressure sensors for measuring any variation in the flow of water and radon sensors for detecting radon gas emission. If sensors detect the earthquake, then they report to actors which communicate with gateway node. The gateway node transmits the earthquake information to the base station which uses information and communication technologies to inform people so that precautionary measures can be taken. The gateway node issues order to actors and they work to save the precious lives. To prove correctness of the proposed model its formal specification is described using Vienna Development Method-Specification Language (VDM-SL) and it is validated, verified and analyzed through VDM-SL Toolbox.