Design of an energy-autonomous bio-sensing system using a biofuel cell and 0.19V 53μW integrated supply-sensing sensor with a supply-insensitive temperature sensor and inductive-coupling transmitter

This paper presents an energy-autonomous bio-sensing system with the capability of wireless communication. The proposed system includes a biofuel cell as a power source and sensing frontend associated with the integrated supply-sensing sensor. The sensor consists of a digital-based gate leakage timer, supply-insensitive time-domain temperature sensor, and inductive-coupling transmitter. A test chip using 65-nm CMOS technology was operated with a supply of 0.19 V and consumed 53 μW to successfully demonstrate wireless communication with an asynchronous receiver.