Design & simulation of fuzzy PID for hydro power plant

Hydro electric power plant is usually built on mountainous areas and are isolated from the main power distribution system. It requires very efficient control strategy to control the speed of the machine in sudden variations and disturbances (such as different types of temporary faults) in the system. This paper proposes the idea of using fuzzy PID control strategy for controlling the governor of hydro power plant during different fault schemes. In the proposed scheme fuzzy PID controller is used to control the servo motor position through wicket gates or valves in order to control the flow of water that hits the turbine's blade. The different types of fault models such as single phase ground fault, double phase ground fault, three phase ground fault and phase to phase fault are applied to fuzzy PID and conventional PID controllers. The simulation results and performance indices such as RMSE (Root mean square value) clearly demonstrates the effectiveness and feasibility of the fuzzy PID control strategy as compared to the conventional PID. The purposed controller has fast response in recovering the speed of the machine during fault occurrences.