A comprehensive overview on the architecture of Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV)

Depleting fossil fuels and pressing global warming challenges are wreaking havoc towards the sustainable future of mankind. To cater these alarming issues, renewable energy sources and alternate means of energy harnessing have been investigated rigorously for last several decades. Similarly, transportation sector has also seen paramount reforms with hybrid vehicles now seen as potential competitors to conventional internal combustion vehicles (ICEV). The major challenge hybrid vehicles face today include slothful battery charging rates and less electric driving range. The range can be extended by optimal power sharing between engine and electric motors and by optimally sizing the engine thus lowering the weight on the chassis. Ultrafast DC charging is concurrently pondered upon to ramp up the sluggish battery charging rates. This paper is compiled with the perspective to give readers a comprehensive and concise review about the literature conducted on the architecture of different variants of hybrid vehicles till date with more focus on power sharing between engine and motor under different driving conditions in different types of hybrid vehicles.