Novel voltage controlled MRAM (VCM) with fast read/write circuits for ultra large last level cache

This paper presents voltage controlled MRAM (VCM) with novel fast read/write circuits for nonvolatile ultra-large last level cache. Further, write error rate has dramatically been reduced by thermal stability factor control using “continuous read-write-verify” scheme. Read error rate has also improved with “read-disturb-free non-destructive-self-reference read” with unipolar write of VCM.