Suitability of Different Quench Protection Methods for a 16 T Block-Type Nb3Sn Accelerator Dipole Magnet

Within the future circular collider study, a 100-km long circular hadron collider is being designed for 100 TeV center-of-mass collision energies. The design of the 16 T Nb
₃
Sn bending dipole magnets is carried out within the EuroCirCol collaboration. Three different type of dipole designs have been developed, each aiming to be as compact as possible, accounting for the design criteria. Quench protection a critical aspect of the magnet design and potentially limits the magnet compactness. The EuroCirCol magnets were designed assuming a protection system with significantly improved efficiency compared to the present LHC dipole protection. In this paper, we consider present state-of-the-art quench protection technologies, such as quench heaters and CLIQ, and apply them into the designed 16 T Block-type dipole. Two different simulation models are used to estimate the magnet hotspot temperature and voltages after a quench and consequently estimate the suitability of the different methods.