Real-time closed-loop test to adaptive protection in a smart-grid context

The goal of this paper is to demonstrate the feasibility of a commercial protective relay having its setting changed automatically and in real-time. To demonstrate this, a closed loop test rig with the Real-time Digital Simulator (RTDS) and a commercial protective relay was set. The RTDS gives the opportunity to automatically set real-time different protection functions and settings of a commercial relay under the concept of the adaptive protection scheme.