Real‐Time Simulation of Modular Multilevel Converters (MMCs)

In this chapter a thorough presentation of the modular multilevel converter MMC is made. Due to its particular construction, standard simulation methods cannot be used. Limitations of those methods are explained and more suitable control technics are proposed. The model can also be used for real‐time simulation application. Issues raised by the converter topology are discussed in regard to the choice of hardware to achieve real‐time simulation. Finally, examples of implementation for real‐time application are given for the different technics previously discussed.