Vulnerability analysis of the CNS-infrastructure: An exemplarily approach

In this paper we identify security-related vulnerabilities of a few CNS-systems and describe their possible abuse by malicious agents replicating and broadcasting CNS (similar) signals, particularly for jamming and spoofing purposes. For communications, navigation and surveillance we consider VHF digital link mode 2, ground-based augmentation system and the secondary surveillance radar, respectively. In each case, we introduce a technical overview, identify susceptibilities and describe possible malicious attacks and their corresponding consequences. Finally, we present possibilities for minimizing risks emerging from exploiting the identified vulnerabilities of the considered system.