Scattering of an em wave off a whistler wave in the ionosphere

An electromagnetic wave transmitted from the ground-based transmitter onto the ionosphere, where an obliquely propagating whistler exists, suffers Raman scattering. The scattered wave travels upward but can be detected on the ground after it has been reflected back from the turning point. The scattered wave could provide information about the whistler and would be useful for diagnostics. We have examined this problem using fluid approach. The ratio of power of the scattered wave to that of the pump wave is found to increase with increasing plasma frequency, frequency of the whistler, and the angle of the whistler with the magnetic field but is found to decrease with increasing frequency of the pump wave. Analysis shows that in the equatorial F -region for a pump wave of 1 MW power, sent at an angle of θe = 10° with the vertical, the scattered wave received on the Earth would have a power of 3 μW and for northern Scandinavia and at Arecibo, Puerto Rico, for θe = 22° and θe = 14° the scattered power would be detected at 38.5 μW and 2.71 mW, respectively.