On the issue of universal dielectric responses in proteins

Ac conductivity and dielectric permittivity of bovine serum albumin, cytochrome c and extracellular matrix synthesized by electrogenic bacteria Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 are measured at frequencies 1-10
¹²
Hz and temperatures 10-300 K. Two types of conductivity mechanisms are observed as well as nearly constant loss (NCL) phenomenon, universal dielectric response (UDR) and signatures of boson peak depending on the temperature and water/ion contents in the samples.