Sender-Receiver Role-Based Energy-Aware Scheduling for Internet of Underwater Things

The advance of Internet-of-Things (IoT) has extended its concept to underwater environments. The networks of underwater sensors and smart interconnected underwater objects have become an integral part of the IoT ecosystem as the Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT). This paper focuses on the problem of providing a scheduling service to support the transmission of sensory data of these smart underwater objects with high computation-utilization and high energy-efficiency. We design and implement a sender-receiver role-based scheduling protocol for Energy-Aware scheduling with Spatial-Temporal reuse, called EAST. Our EAST protocol is unique in three aspects. First, we introduce a probability-based contending model to address the hidden and exposed terminal problems. Second, we explore fine granularity reuse opportunities by introducing a sender-receiver role-based spatial and temporal reuse optimization and a multifactorial state transition mechanism to regulate the engagement status of each node. Third but not the least, the EAST protocol addresses the known uncertainty problem of packet loss by building a sender-initiated behavior model using Prospect Theory. We evaluate EAST through extensive experiments and show that our EAST protocol outperforms existing representative MAC protocols in terms of network throughput, delivery success ratio and energy consumption.