Transmission (“ABCD”) matrix representation of network elements in the security-constrained optimal power flow

This paper focuses on the preventive security constrained optimal power flow problems (PSCOPF), comparing full nonlinear AC models to linearized model. Generator participation factors (droop coefficients) are introduced to account for active power imbalance created by component outages under contingencies. Moreover, we propose a novel representation of network elements' electrical behavior, employing transmission (“ABCD”) matrices for lines and transformers. We demonstrate that this allows straightforward representation of breaker action and controllable transformers compared to standard approaches based on the admittance matrix Ybus. The proposed technique is tested on the RTS-96 test system and our results demonstrate that differences between the linear and nonlinear representation become particularly critical in the context of security analysis.