Resonant frequency optimization of rectangular gap coupled Microstrip Antenna using Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm

Gap coupled Microstrip Antenna (MA) provides high bandwidth and so finds its use in various kinds of wireless communications. Optimization of microstrip patch antennas has been achieved by a technique popularly known as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). In this paper, PSO is used to optimize the resonant frequency of rectangular gap coupled MA. Inspection is carried out for microwave frequencies ranging between 3GHz and 18GHz. The parameters taken into consideration for optimization are patch length, patch width and gap width. Observation made from the result encourages the use of PSO for most favourable outcome.