Neural Interfaces for Implantable Medical Devices: Circuit Design Considerations for Sensing, Stimulation, and Safety

Circuit design is one of the key technologies for enabling implantable medical devices. Understanding the electrode model as well as the associated electrochemical processes is important for successful circuit design of these devices. Managing power consumption and noise (thermal and 1/f ) while meeting application-specific requirements is important for neural sensing, and safety is absolutely essential for stimulation.