Analog electric circuit representation of energy conversion by pressure retarded osmosis

This paper presents a novel analog electric circuit model representing hydro energy conversion via the process of pressure retarded osmosis (PRO). The model considers many dynamics involved with PRO including reverse salt leakage, concentration polarization, and salt storage capacity of water. This model facilitates dynamic simulation and analysis of the PRO process and its interaction with an osmotic power plant and load. The analog circuit is validated.