Belt-Type Corona-Electrostatic Separator for the Recovery of Conductive and Nonconductive Products From Micronized Wastes

The commercial roll-type corona-electrostatic separators, which are currently employed for the recovery of metals and plastics from millimeter-size granular mixtures, are inappropriate for the processing of finely grinded wastes. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that a belt-type corona-electrostatic separator could be an appropriate solution for the selective sorting of conductive and nonconductive products contained in micronized wastes. The experiments are carried out on a laboratory-scale multifunctional electrostatic separator designed by the authors. The corona discharge is generated between a wire-type dual electrode and the surface of the metal belt conveyor. The distances between the wire and the belt and the applied voltage are adjusted to values that permit particles charging without having an electric wind that puts them into motion on the surface of the belt. The separation is performed in the electric field generated between a high-voltage roll-type electrode (diameter 30 mm) and the grounded belt electrode. The study is conducted according to the experimental design methodology, to enable the evaluation of the effects of the various factors that affect the efficiency of the separation: position of the roll-type electrode and applied high voltage. The conclusions of this study will serve at the optimum design of an industrial belt-type corona-electrostatic separator for the recycling of metals and plastics from the waste electric and electronic equipment.