Uncertainty analysis in waveform metrology: From vertical measurement to horizontal quantities

This paper investigates the covariance-matrix-based uncertainty propagation of waveforms from time-domain vertical measurements to horizontal parameters. Following the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM), the uncertainty of timebase, corresponding to target amplitude, of a measured waveform is evaluated upon the vertical measurement uncertainties, where the waveform function is used to determine the Jacobian matrix. As a result, the uncertainty of time-related parameters, such as the FWHM of impulse signal, of the waveform can be easily analyzed. To validate this work, Monte Carlo Method is implemented for comparison.