Energy-efficient Resource Allocation in 5G with Application to D2D

This chapter proposes the device-to-device (D2D) communication paradigm to better utilize the spectrum. The energy-efficient resource allocation problem in D2D systems for energy proportionality is considered as a case study for the application of the outlined sequential fractional programming algorithms. The chapter considers the downlink of an orthogonal frequency-division multiple-access (OFDMA) cellular network, where infrastructure-to-device (I2D) and D2D communications coexist and are coordinated. The resource allocation policy that will be derived aims at maximizing the global energy efficiency (GEE) of the coordinated I2D and D2D links. The chapter contains a description of the system model and the received signal model for the case of a D2D-enabled cellular system. It presents the two key performance measures namely the GEE and the weighted sum-rate (WSR). The chapter focuses back on the case study and presents the application of sequential fractional programming algorithms to the problem of resource allocation for a 5G cellular system with D2D communications.