A new perspective on protection of nuclear reactor surfaces from high energy plasma irradiation by equilibrium reconstruction

Ignition is the point at which a nuclear fusion of hydrogen isotopes reaction becomes self-sustaining. This occurs when the energy being given off by the fusion reactions heats the fuel mass more rapidly than various loss mechanisms cool it. At this point, the external energy needed to heat the fuel to fusion temperatures is no longer needed. As the rate of fusion varies with temperature, the point of ignition for any given machine is typically expressed as a temperature. On the other hand, energy confinement time is expressed by an equilibrium state. Analytical solutions of Grad-Shafranov equation (GSE) can be used for theoretical studies of plasma equilibrium, transport and Magnetohydrodynamic stability of tokamaks. In this paper we have presented two families of exact solutions. With applying these solutions to IR-T1 tokamak, a small, air core, low beta and large aspect ratio tokamak with a circular cross section, we calculated poloidal magnetic flux. Due to the generality and high accuracy of the second exact solution for all of the magnetic configurations of interest, the result of this solution for IR-T1 tokamak is good (tokamak-relevant) equilibrium compare to the first exact solution for this tokamak. We intend to use these analytical solutions as benchmark of numerical equilibrium codes.