Pin assignment optimization for large-scale high-pin-count BGA packages using Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm

In this paper, an optimization method using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is proposed for the power/ground (P/G) pin assignment of large-scale high-pin-count ball grid array (BGA) packages. A general PSO working flow is introduced, and two examples of P/G pin assignment using the proposed method are presented. For validation, a comparison between Xilinx product and the result from PSO is presented. By using the proposed PSO method, the pin assignment for large-scale high-pin-count multi-positioned BGA packages can be accomplished in a few minutes.