An UWB Monopole antenna with hexagonal patch structure designed using particle swarm optimization algorithm for wireless applications

An Ultra Wide-Band Monopole Antenna with Hexagonal Patch Structure is designed for several wide-band microwave band applications in the X-band (8-12 GHz), Ku-band (12-18 GHz) of the Radio Frequency Spectrum. The patch is designed using Ring Geometry. The antenna design is optimized using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique. The proposed antenna finds its application in microwave frequency spectrum from 7.5 GHz to 20 GHz. The antenna gain is 3.4 dB at 8 GHz, 4.4 dB at 10 GHz, 5.0 dB at 12 GHz, 5.2 dB at 15 GHz, 3.6 dB at 18 GHz, 4.0 dB at 20 GHz respectively. The proposed antenna shows an ultra wide bandwidth of 12.5 GHz (7.5 GHz to 20 GHz).