Generation Applications Package for Combined Heat Power in On-Grid and Off-Grid Microgrid Energy Management System

A microgrid can be operated in on-grid or off-grid mode using distributed energy resources (DER), among which combined heat power (CHP) can play an important role in increasing the total energy efficiency. This paper reports the total solutions to the problem of scheduling DER, including CHP and their dispatch, called a generation application package. To increase the accuracy of forecasting, this paper proposes the methods of electrical or heat load forecasting and photovoltaic forecasting using a pattern recognition algorithm by k -means clustering. In response of the forecasted data, the formulation and solution of generation scheduling and the dispatch of DER are provided in two operation modes of a microgrid. The formulation of generation scheduling is linearized for a general mixed integer linear programming solver. The formulation and the detailed solution of the economic dispatch of the DER are presented. Finally, the field tests of the generation application package in two demonstration sites were performed and the results showed that the proposed solutions are very effective in the real fields.