Phase estimation in differential-interference-contrast (DIC) microscopy

We present a gradient-based optimization method for the estimation of a specimen's phase function from polychromatic DIC images. The method minimizes the sum of a nonlinear least-squares discrepancy measure and a smooth approximation of the total variation. A new formulation of the gradient and a recent updating rule for the choice of the step size are both exploited to reduce computational time. Numerical simulations on two computer-generated objects show significant improvements, both in efficiency and accuracy, with respect to a more standard choice of the step size.