Toward a Future with Human Hands-Like Haptics: A Universal Framework for Interfacing Existing and Future Multipoint Haptic Devices

In this article, we propose a universal MPH (multipoint haptics) framework with its underlying abstract MPH model, which support existing and future multimanual, multifinger haptic systems, rendering both kinesthetic and tactile feedbacks. The abstract MPH model defines multiple interaction models hierarchically, which can be helpful in the definition of hardware scope for customized haptic systems. The framework defines the primitive components and operations, which can be adopted by various drivers and SDK configurations for advanced MPH applications.