Complete observation against attack vulnerability for cyber-physical systems with application to power grids

This paper presents a novel framework based on system observability to solve the structural vulnerability of cyber-physical systems (CPSs) under attack with application to power grids. The adding power measurement point method is applied to detect the angle and voltage of the bus by adding detection points between two bus lines in the power grid. Then the generator dynamic equations are built to analyze the rotor angles and angular velocities of generators, and the system is simplified by the Power Management Units (PMUs) to observe the status on the generators. According to the impact of a series of attacks on the grid, we make use of grid measurements detection and state estimation to achieve observation status on the grid, enabling the monitor of the entire grid. Finally it is shown that the structural vulnerability against attacks can be solved by combining with the above-mentioned observations. Finally, some simulations are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. It is shown that some attacks can be effectively monitored to improve CPS security.