RAEED-EA: A formally analysed energy efficient WSN routing protocol

The operational efficiency and lifetime of Wireless Sensor Network (WSNs) suffers from several factors among which the security and energy consumption are the most important. Most of the WSN routing protocols are designed either from the perspective of security or energy. In this paper, the network lifetime of Robust Formally Analysed Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks Deployment (RAEED) is improved by introducing a new version of RAEED called RAEED with energy-aware-routing (RAEED-EA). Energy aware routing requires introducing suitable changes in the third and final phase i.e. Data Forwarding Phase of RAEED. In RAEED the decision of selecting the next node was entirely based on the throughput of the target nodes, whereas in RAEED-EA the decision is taken based upon residual energy and throughput of the target nodes. For performance evaluation formal verification is used and these protocols are compared in terms of minimum network lifetime. Results show that by changing the network topology the gain in network lifetime of a network using RAEED-EA over RAEED ranges from 3 percent to 40 percent.