Review of IEEE 802.22 and IEC 61850 for real-time communication in Smart Grid

Real time data communication in Smart Grid is a big challenge due to its vastness and complexities. Wireless Regional Area Network (WRAN) - IEEE 802.22 permits opportunistic use of television white space (TVWS) by secondary user, if it is not being utilized by primary user. This standard has the potential to transfer big data of smart grid in real time to control center. The IEC 61850 is the standard for electrical substation automation that uses TCP/IP for data transfer among different `intelligent electronic devices' (IEDs). IEC 61850 consists of different message types which belong to different performance classes that are mapped to different communication protocols. The different performance classes are GOOSE, SV, GSSE (Generic substation status event) and MMS (Manufacturing Message Specification). GOOSE and SV are directly mapped on Ethernet for fast data transfer. The performance classes of Generic Substation State Event (GSSE) and Manufacturing Message Specification (MMS) can be used for teleprotection and transmitting synchrophasors over Wide Area Network (WAN). This paper reviews IEC 61850 and explores the possibility of IEEE 802.22 for teleprotection and transmitting synchrophasors over Wide Area Network (WAN) using GSSE and MMS. The superframe structure of IEEE 802.22 consists of 16 frames each of 10 ms. This 10 ms sub-frame in IEEE 802.22 is capable to send data on uplink frequency using upstream burst.