Comparative Evaluation of Handheld Robot-Aided Intraocular Laser Surgery

This paper presents robot-aided intraocular laser surgery using a handheld robot known as Micron. The micromanipulator enables visual servoing of a laser probe, while maintaining a constant distance of the tool tip from the retinal surface. Automated, semiautomated, and unaided manual performance in patterned laser retinal photocoagulation is compared.