Extraction of equivalent circuits for microstrip components and discontinuities using the genetic algorithm

This letter introduces a new technique based on the application of the genetic algorithm (GA) for extracting the equivalent circuits-from measured or computed S-parameters-that can be inserted into SPICE simulations. The GA is a robust optimization tool that is shown to yield excellent results for discontinuities in microstrip lines, for instance a right-angled bend, and for microwave circuits, e.g., planar inductors and parallel plate capacitors.