Modern physical access control systems and privacy protection

The paper deals with current state of card based PAC (Physical Access Control) systems, especially their level of security and provided mechanisms for protecting users' privacy. We propose to use ABCs (Attribute-Based Credentials) to create Privacy-PAC system that provides greater protection of user privacy compared to classic systems. We define basic requirements for Privacy-PAC and provide a comparison of the current ABC systems by their usability in Privacy-PAC. Moreover, we show performance benchmarks of cryptographic primitives used in ABCs which were implemented on Multos and Java Card platforms.