Anisotropy effect on GPR signals

Anisotropy can affect ground penetrating radar (GPR) signals by potentially masking detection and modifying interpretation of subsurface features of interest. The effect of anisotropy may not be present in most GPR surveys but where anisotropy is present, distinctive differences exist in multi-offset GPR data. In this paper, we employ three-dimensional (3D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) numerical modeling of wide angle reflection and refraction (WARR) surveys to investigate the effect of anisotropy.