Spin Currents Excited by Temperature Gradient and Electric Field in Pt/Co/Pt Multilayer Films

The anomalous Nernst effect induced by a temperature gradient in Pt (2nm)/Co (0.6nm)/Pt (2nm) multilayer films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy was studied. The Nernst voltage as a function of magnetic field is hysteretic. Both in-plane temperature gradient and electric field were applied in the same direction x while in-plane voltages along and perpendicular to x were detected synchronously. From a comparison of the voltages, there are apparent differences in the charge and spin currents generated by temperature gradient and electric field.