Performance Evaluation of the Two-Inch Return-Beam Vidicon Three-Camera Subsystem

A very-high resolution multispectral television camera system is being developed for NASA for use on the Earth Resources Technology Satellite (ERTS) program. There are three cameras in the system, each viewing the same area but operating in the blue-green, red and near-infrared spectral bands. In the laboratory the cameras' limiting resolution is 4500 TV lines over the 25 × 25-mm image format of the Return Beam Vidicon (RBV). Analysis of typical ERTS scenes shows that actual contrast ratios will be much lower than those of laboratory test targets. A model was developed to predict the resolving power performance of the RBV camera under realistic conditions. The methods used are applicable to all types of imaging systems. To verify the model, tests were conducted using the RBV camera, a laser-beam image reproducer and a series of AF tribar test patterns of known values of contrast. As a more graphic demonstration, simulated multi-spectral images were generated using color-IR photographs from Apollo 9.