Subjective Color Created by Black-and-White Animation

Subjective color has been produced by animation techniques without the use of any special equipment. Color coding charts indicate the black-and-white sequences (or codes) necessary to cause either an entire scene or specific areas to appear in the selected subjective colors. Animation cells are prepared following certain layout techniques so that the areas of the image to be colored are dark on one cell and light on others. In the case of motion-picture film, the cells are shot in the desired sequence (one frame at a time) on a film animation stand. In the case of television, electronic editing equipment, used with a black-and-white TV camera, records the animation cells frame by frame on videotape. When the black-and-white motion-picture film is projected or the monochrome videotape is played back on a black-and-white TV receiver a flashing subjective color picture appears on the screen.