Spectrum averaging carrier frequency estimation

Carrier recovery system is a very important part of the digital radio frequency receivers. Tracking frequency estimators are able to compensate Doppler shifts of the signal coming from fast moving objects. There are many algorithms based on several approaches, but the noisy environment stays the big issue. The paper introduces novel approach to the frequency estimation suited for weak suppressed carrier BPSK signal even below the noise level. Both the open loop version suitable for acquisition and the closed loop version with narrow band input more convenient for tracking are described.