A reconfigurable dielectric resonator antenna for polarization diversity applications

A circularly polarized rectangular dielectric resonator antenna is presented. Circular polarization is obtained by introducing a cross slot to generate two near orthogonal degenerate modes having similar amplitudes and 900 phase difference. Four pin diodes are placed across the slots to switch between two polarization states namely, Right Hand Circular Polarization (RHCP) and Left Hand Circular Polarization (LHCP). The antenna yields a measured impedance bandwidth of 26.3% in case of LHCP and 28.2% in case of RHCP. The antenna radiates with a gain of 4.21 dB exhibiting an axial ratio bandwidth of radiate with an acceptable gain over the entire band.