Adaptive array beamforming for frequency hoppping modulation

A new architecture for Array Processing using Frequency Hopping (FH) modulation is addressed in this paper which takes advantage of the knowledge of the frequency sequence at the receiver, requiring neither temporal nor spatial a priori reference. Consequently, the paper deals with a Code Reference Beamformer (CRB). The proposed framework is composed of two parallel processors. The first one, the Anticipative processor, is devoted to predict the scenario at the hop frequency before this frequency is transmitted, providing a fast convergence of the second processor and avoiding the fall of the Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) with the frequency hops. The second one, the On-line processor, provides maximum SINR by applying the optimum beamvector which can be estimated minimizing the Mean Square Error (MSE) at the array output or, directly, maximizing the SINR.