Analogy and Convergence of Levenberg’s and Lyapunov-Based Methods for Power Flow Analysis

This letter focuses on the power flow problem and shows the formal analogy between the Levenberg's method and a fictitious ODE built using Lyapunov's second stability criterion. The letter also illustrates theoretical caveats and numerical issues of both methods. In particular, the case study, based on a 2383-bus system, shows that the fixed points of these methods are not necessarily a solution of the power flow problem.