Technique to implement remedial action schemes in variable transfer limits computation

This paper discusses a technique to implement Remedial Action Schemes (RAS) or Special Protection Systems (SPS) for Variable Transfer Limits (VTL) computation. Need for RAS implementation for VTL calculations are discussed. The technique presented can be applied to the bus/branch model as well as for the node/breaker model. Advantages of using the State Estimator cases for VTL calculations are discussed. Technique to model the RAS in equipment impact criteria and reliability criteria in VTL calculations are discussed.