The future of 3D packaging

Trends in interconnection techniques from 2D to 3D modules are presented. Historically, the different 3D interconnection techniques have been applied to memory modules for two reasons: market forces and simplicity. The development and manufacturing of 3D modules, firstly at Thomson-CSF from 1988 and subsequently at 3D PLUS from October 1995, addressed a variety of applications, including memory modules, calculation nodes, and microsystems. These different applications and perspectives are presented in this paper.