Piezoelectric effect in nanofibers deposited with magnetic field assisted electrospinning using solutions with PVDF and Fe3O4 nanoparticles

This study aims at investigating the piezoelectric behavior of nanofibers containing poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) with and without Fe
₃
O
₄
nanoparticles at different concentrations. The nanofibers were formed using magnetic field assisted electrospinning. All Polymeric solutions contain PVDF, DMF and acetone with a concentration of 18 wt% (DMF to Acetone ratio of 3 to 1). Iron Oxide Nanopowder (Fe
₃
O
₄
, particle diameter of 20 nm to 30 nm) to PVDF ratios are: 1:5, 1:10 and 1:15. All nanofibers with nanoparticles in this study resulted with blisters related to Fe
₃
O
₄
agglomerates distributed on the surface. Piezoelectric properties were observed in the all nanofibers after they are ejected and restructured by the electrospinning process, resulting the crystalline β phase.