Study of the factors that suppress space charge accumulation in LDPE nanocomposites

Two mechanisms have been proposed to explain the suppression of space charge in polyethylene by the addition of nano-fillers, i.e. an interface change that reduces charge injection and a bulk modification that affects charge migration and recombination. The relative importance of each mechanism in Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) nanocomposites is investigated by the measurement of space charge in samples of double-layer and triple-layer structures. The experimental results show that the nano-fillers reduce charge injection, but do not entirely eliminate the space charge. Bulk changes also play an important role in space charge suppression. The space charge near the interface between the unfilled LDPE and nanocomposites shows a surface charge at 20 °C, but at 60 °C a bipolar blocking phenomenon is observed in some circumstances. It is shown that these space charge distributions can be reproduced using a band theory approach with the assumption that the introduction of deep traps by nano-fillers raises the Fermi level of the nanocomposite towards the conduction level.