A five layer model for simulating a virtual power plant

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a five layered model as a new modeling technique for Virtual Power Plant (VPP) systems. A Virtual Power Plant is an integration of Dispersed Energy Resources (DERs) that aims to use them more effectively. It also includes both renewable and non-renewable generators as well as storage systems connected with smart devices. The five layers in this study include of Physical Layer, Information Layer, Control Layer, Optimization Layer, and Human behavior Layer. The paper also outlines the function of each layer as well as the application of this modeling technique in our study.