Simulation study of the effect of orbital errors on open-loop tracking in GPS radio occultation

GPS radio occultation techniques on board LEO satellites have attracted much attention for monitoring and studying Earth's atmosphere. Successful RO implementation requires accurate knowledge of both GPS and LEO satellites, and reliable estimation of GPS signal parameters in order to characterize atmospheric properties through inversion transformation processes. This paper investigates GPS and LEO satellite orbit error effects on RO retrieval accuracy based on an open loop GPS signal carrier tracking implementation. Doppler model error and fractional refractivity error under different orbit error amounts are generalized.